In Singapore, cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death, with coronary artery disease accounting for many of these cases. One of the most common and effective treatments for coronary artery blockages is heart stent surgery, also known as coronary angioplasty. This minimally invasive procedure helps open narrowed or blocked arteries to improve blood flow and prevent heart attacks. In this article, we’ll discuss the importance of heart stent surgery, when it’s necessary, and what you can expect before, during, and after the procedure. We’ll also explore the lifestyle changes you should make to ensure long-term heart health.
Key Takeaways
- Heart stent surgery is a vital procedure for treating coronary artery blockages.
- It is a minimally invasive surgery with a relatively quick recovery period.
- Regular follow-ups and lifestyle changes are crucial after the procedure to maintain heart health.
What is Heart Stent Surgery and When is it Needed?
What is Heart Stent Surgery?:
- Heart stent surgery is a procedure used to treat coronary artery disease by inserting a small mesh tube (stent) into a blocked artery to keep it open.
- This allows for better blood flow to the heart muscle, reducing the risk of a heart attack.
When is it Necessary?:
- This surgery is often recommended for individuals who have narrowed or blocked arteries due to plaque buildup (atherosclerosis).
- Symptoms that may indicate the need for heart stent surgery include chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, and fatigue.
Types of Stents:
Bare-metal stents: Simple metal stents used to keep arteries open.
Drug-eluting stents: Coated with medication to prevent further artery blockage.
What to Expect Before, During, and After Heart Stent Surgery
- Before the Surgery:
- Patients undergo several tests such as an electrocardiogram (ECG) and angiogram to assess the condition of their arteries.
- You may need to fast before the procedure and stop taking certain medications, such as blood thinners, a few days prior.
- During the Surgery:
- The procedure is performed under local anesthesia. A catheter is inserted through a blood vessel in the arm or groin and guided to the blocked artery.
- The stent is then inserted to expand the artery and restore blood flow.
- The entire process usually takes 1-2 hours, and most patients are awake but comfortable throughout the procedure.
- After the Surgery:
- You may stay in the hospital for a day or two for observation.
- Expect mild soreness or bruising at the catheter insertion site.
- Patients are usually able to return to their daily activities within a week, but it’s important to avoid strenuous activities for at least a month.
- Regular follow-up appointments and lifestyle changes, such as quitting smoking and adopting a heart-healthy diet, are key to long-term success.
Post-Surgery Lifestyle Changes and Long-Term Care
- Lifestyle Adjustments:
- After heart stent surgery, lifestyle changes are crucial for maintaining the health of your arteries and reducing the risk of future blockages.
- Diet: Focus on a heart-healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Avoid foods high in cholesterol and trans fats.
- Exercise: Regular physical activity, such as walking or swimming, can strengthen your heart and improve overall cardiovascular health. Aim for 150 minutes of moderate exercise per week.
- Quit Smoking: Smoking is one of the leading risk factors for heart disease. Quitting smoking can significantly improve your heart health post-surgery.
- Medication Management:
- Your doctor may prescribe blood-thinning medications (antiplatelets) like aspirin or clopidogrel to prevent blood clots in the stent.
- It’s essential to take your medication as prescribed to avoid complications.
- Long-Term Monitoring:
- Regular check-ups with your cardiologist are important to monitor the success of the surgery and ensure no further blockages have developed.
- Imaging tests, such as stress tests or angiograms, may be conducted periodically to check the condition of your arteries.
Conclusion
Heart stent surgery is a minimally invasive procedure that can save lives by opening blocked arteries and improving blood flow.
If you experience symptoms such as chest pain or shortness of breath, consult your doctor to discuss your options, including whether heart stent surgery might be necessary.
Post-surgery lifestyle changes and regular follow-ups are essential to ensure long-term heart health and prevent future complications.
FAQs
- How long does a heart stent last?
Heart stents are designed to be permanent, and they typically last a lifetime. However, some patients may need additional procedures if further blockages develop. - Is heart stent surgery painful?
The procedure is performed under local anesthesia, so you shouldn’t feel pain during the surgery. Some discomfort at the catheter insertion site may occur afterward, but this usually resolves within a few days. - Can I lead a normal life after heart stent surgery?
Yes, most patients can resume their normal activities within a week after the surgery, but it’s essential to follow your doctor’s advice, avoid strenuous activities initially, and make necessary lifestyle changes to maintain heart health. - Are there any risks associated with heart stent surgery?
As with any surgery, there are risks, including bleeding, infection, or blood clots. However, heart stent surgery is generally considered safe, and complications are rare when performed by an experienced medical team. - What lifestyle changes should I make after heart stent surgery?
Following a heart-healthy diet, engaging in regular exercise, quitting smoking, and managing stress are critical lifestyle changes to prevent future heart problems.
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